Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada is a scientific journal published by Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta containing scientific writings that focus on the health sector including nursing, midwifery, biomedical, acupunture, learning model, and public health. Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada is published twice a year (January and July). Please visit our Google Scholar profile to see how high the citation rate is in our journal. The copyright for published articles belongs to Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada.
The copyright of the published articles belongs to Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF EDUCATION BY ANIMATED VIDEOS AND LEAFLETS WITH MOTHERS’ KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Background: Anemia in pregnant women remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, including in the working area of the UPTD Kereng Bangkirai Community Health Center in Palangka Raya City. Based on data from 2023 and 2024, there has been an increase in cases of anemia in pregnant women from 5 cases to 25 cases. This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnant women's knowledge level and the incidence of anemia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of health education in improving their knowledge and awareness. Methods: The method used is a pre-experimental approach. The design used was a one-group pretest-posttest design with a sample consisting of 77 pregnant women at the UPTD Kereng Bangkirai Community Health Center in Palangka Raya City, selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Education was provided through animated videos and leaflets, accompanied by pretest and posttest questionnaires. Results: The results showed a significant increase in knowledge after the education intervention (p=0.000). The results of this study indicate that education by animated videos and leaflets is effective in increasing mothers' knowledge about anemia during pregnancy. Conclusion: There is a relationship between education by animated videos and leaflets and mothers' knowledge about anemia in pregnant women. This is important in maternal health services at community health centers to reduce the rate of anemia and improve the quality of maternal health during pregnancy.
anemia, antenatal care, iron tablet supplements, nutrition, pregnant
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL POSTER SERIES MEDIA FOR CLEAN AND HEALTHY LIVING BEHAVIOR PROMOTION IN HIGH SCHOOL SETTINGS
Background: The persistent challenge of promoting Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) among high school students, along with a critical gap in engaging, contextually relevant digital content for social media, underscores an urgent need for innovative interventions. This study aims to develop and evaluate a digital poster series for CHLB promotion, specifically designed for the Instagram platform. Methods: This Research and Development (R&D) study employed the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Participants included a purposive sample of 40 high school students from SMA Negeri 1 Simo, Boyolali, comprising 10 students for a small group trial and 30 for a large group trial, selected based on their willingness to participate and school enrollment. Data were collected using quantitative evaluation sheets (5-point Likert scale) and qualitative comment/suggestion forms. Results: The results demonstrated the high feasibility and effectiveness of the digital poster series. Expert validation yielded a 75% score in the first stage, leading to key revisions. Student trials showed overwhelmingly positive quantitative results, with average assessment scores ranging from 4.50 to 4.67 out of 5, translating to feasibility percentages of 90% to 93.33% across all assessed aspects. Qualitative feedback highlighted the media’s visual appeal, modern design, and relatable language, though students suggested increased interactivity. Conclusion: This study successfully developed and evaluated a series of highly feasible and effective digital posters for promoting healthy lifestyles among high school students.
digital graphic media, health promotion, high school students, Instagram, CHLB
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITH OBESITY AMONG ADULTS IN JAKARTA: ANALYSIS OF THE 2023 INDONESIAN HEALTH SURVEY
Background: Obesity is a global public health problem that carries an elevated risk of noncommunicable diseases. Behavioral factors that may be modifiable should be assessed to design effective preventive programs. This study aimed to determine the association of physical activity, sociodemographic factors, and obesity among adults in Jakarta. Methods: This study employed a quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional design. Data collected by the second wave of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. We analyzed 7.163 adult participants. Statistical analyses used chi-square and survey-adjusted logistic regression, and risk was measured as Prevalence Ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Results: The prevalence of obesity in this study was 49.67%. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between obesity and physical activity (p=0.045; PR=1.126), age 30-44 years (p=0.000; PR=2.213), age 45-59 years (p=0.000; OR=2.352), gender (p=0.000; OR=1.713), employment status (p=0.000; OR=1.653), and marital status (p=0.000; OR=2.437). Conversely, educational level did not show a statistically significant relationship with obesity (p>0.05). Moreover, levels of physical activity, marital status, sex, and employment status accounted for the factors that increased the likelihood of adult obesity. Conclusion: Adult obesity in Jakarta is significantly associated with sex, age, sex, physical activity level, employment status, and marital status. These findings indicate the need to address targeted behavior changes, especially increasing levels of physical activity and exercise to encourage cognitive dissonance of increasing the likelihood of obesity through healthy weight and obese adults, particularly in middle-aged and women.
adults, obesity, physical activity, sociodemographic factors
DEPRESSION AMONG NURSING STUDENTS IN INDONESIA: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH AGE AND LEVEL OF NURSING EDUCATION: NATIONAL SURVEY
Background: Depression is more prevalent among nursing students than in the general student population, largely due to academic demands and the pressures of clinical practice. In Indonesia, evidence on demographic factors associated with depression among nursing students, such as age and level of nursing education, remains limited. This study aimed to examine the associations between age and educational level and the occurrence of depression among nursing students in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 690 nursing students recruited from 30 provinces across Indonesia. Participants were selected using convenience and snowball sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire that included demographic characteristics and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Indonesian version. Results: The findings revealed that 21.01% of nursing students experienced depressive symptoms. The mean age of the respondents was 21 years old, and the majority were enrolled in a Bachelor’s degree program in Nursing (61.5%). Statistical analysis indicated no significant association between age and depression status (p = 0.611), and a significant association was identified between educational level and depression (p = 0.023), with students enrolled in the regular Bachelor of Nursing program demonstrating a higher prevalence of depression. Conclusion: Depression remains a significant mental health problem among nursing students in Indonesia. Age was not associated with depressive symptoms, but education level emerged as a factor associated with depression. These findings highlight the need for increased psychological support and education-specific intervention strategies to prevent and reduce depression among nursing students.
age, depression, education, Indonesia, nursing
OVERVIEW OF FAMILY SUPPORT AND KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE DASH DIET IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Background: Prolonged hypertension can slowly damage blood vessels and trigger heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure. The American Heart Association recommends managing hypertension with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. Family support affects DASH diet adherence through four mechanisms: instrumental, informational, rewarding, and emotional. The study aimed to assess the level of family support and understanding of the DASH diet among hypertensive patients in Flamboyant Ward 8 at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Methods: This study employed a quantitative observational design with a descriptive cross-sectional approach. The population of this study is the family of hypertension patients in the Flamboyant Ward 8 of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, with a sample size of 82 respondents, using accidental sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires. Results: The results of this study showed that the characteristics of the majority of respondents aged 36-45 years (late adults) amounted to 34 respondents (41.5%), female sex amounted to 45 respondents (54.9%), and SMK/SMA education level amounted to 32 respondents (39.0%). The level of family support for the majority of the good category was 46 respondents (56.1%), and the level of knowledge about the DASH diet among the majority of the good category was 37 respondents (45.1%). Conclusion: This study indicates that most families of hypertensive patients demonstrated strong family support, while knowledge of the DASH diet was comparatively low. These findings highlight the need to strengthen informational and educational interventions to complement existing family support and optimize non-pharmacological hypertension management.
DASH diet, family support, hypertension, knowledge
PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT MILK SUPPLY (PIMS) AND THE RISK OF NON-EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Background: PIMS, or what is usually called insufficient breast milk supply, is one of the reasons why breastfeeding fails. There are still a few mothers who know about the perception of insufficient breast milk supply and how this has an impact on breastfeeding practices. This study aimed to examine the association between perceived insufficient milk supply (PIMS) and the risk of non-exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months postpartum. Methods: This review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines to select articles in this study and based on PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome). We searched for relevant articles in five databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, ProQuest, and SAGE journals, from January 2014 to August 2024. Then, they carried out a meta-analysis of the collected data and analyzed the Odds Ratio (OR) using Review Manager 5.3. Overall, 6 studies were appropriate in this review. Results: Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The forest plot demonstrated a consistent inverse association between perceived insufficient milk supply (PIMS) and exclusive breastfeeding across all included studies. Using a random-effects model, mothers with PIMS had significantly lower odds of exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months postpartum (pooled OR = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.04–0.24; p < 0.00001), indicating a substantially increased risk of non-exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: Perceived insufficient milk supply (PIMS) has a relationship with the incidence of failure to provide exclusive breastfeeding.
breastfeeding practices, maternal perception, meta-analysis, Perceived insufficient milk supply (PIMS), systematic review
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AS A KEY DETERMINANT OF CHILDHOOD STUNTING: A MATERNAL–NEONATALRISK FACTORS ANALYSIS INA STUNTING LOCUS AREA
Background: Many studies have examined the effects of inadequate nutritional intake, showing an increased risk of infectious diseases, death, and obstacles to children's growth and development. According to the results of SSGI 2024, the prevalence of stunting among children under five was 19.8%; this figure remains far from the medium-term national target. This research aims to determine the determinants of stunting in a stunting-affected area. Methods: A quantitative analytical study with a case-control approach was used in this study. The research was conducted in Buker Village, one of the stunting loci in Sampang Regency. The research subjects consisted of 35 stunted toddlers in the case group and 40 toddlers with normal nutritional status in the control group. Data analysis in this study included univariate analysis using frequency distributions, bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the most dominant factor associated with stunting was a history of low birth weight (LBW) OR 24,1 (95% CI: 2,573 – 226,647), which means that toddlers who were born with LBW had a 24,1 times higher chance of stunting. Conclusion: This study identifies low birth weight as a key determinant of stunting, as affected infants face developmental vulnerabilities. Strengthening maternal nutrition, infection prevention, and postnatal growth monitoring is essential to mitigate long-term growth deficits. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating maternal nutrition programs with neonatal monitoring, particularly in high-burden settings, to effectively improve child growth outcomes.
low birth weight, neonatal factors, stunting
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND TOXOPLASMOSIS PREVENTIVE PRACTICES AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN THE HEALTH EDUCATION CLUSTER
Background: Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease resulting from exposure to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis among women of reproductive age in Indonesia remains significant, attributed to factors such as individual behaviours, inadequate hygiene practices, and cultural traditions. Moreover, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis is elevated among populations with limited awareness of preventive measures, highlighting the importance of comprehensive education to decrease its incidence, particularly among women of reproductive age. Strengthening their comprehension, attitudes, and preventive behaviors is crucial as an initial strategy to reduce toxoplasmosis transmission. This study aimed to examine the association between knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices regarding toxoplasmosis among female health education students at the University of Bengkulu. Methods: This study employed an observational, cross-sectional design. The research population comprised 925 individuals, from which 70 female students in the health education cluster at the University of Bengkulu were selected as study subjects through stratified random sampling. Data were gathered via questionnaires and analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: The data indicated that 41 respondents (58.6%) demonstrated a high level of knowledge, 55 respondents (78.6%) maintained positive attitudes, and 59 respondents (84.3%) practiced effective preventive practices regarding toxoplasmosis. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between knowledge level and preventive practices (p-value <0.001, r = 0.565), as well as between attitude and preventive practices (p-value <0.001, r = 0.705). Conclusion: A significant association exists between knowledge levels and attitudes regarding toxoplasmosis prevention practices.
attitude, knowledge, practices, prevention, toxoplasmosis
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Background: Hemodialysis therapy has physical and psychological effects that can affect patients' sleep quality and quality of life and exacerbate their condition. Poor quality of life affects patients' sleep quality, partly due to anxiety or stress. If hemodialysis patients experience many problems, it will affect their quality of life, including disruption to their daily activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between sleep quality and quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study uses correlation and a cross-section. It uses PSQI and the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions. We used purposive sampling. There were 42 hemodialysis patients. Data collection was conducted in October 2024 at the PMI Hospital in Bogor City. Results: A total of 34 (81%) hemodialysis patients experienced poor sleep quality, while 16 (38.1%) experienced a moderate quality of life, and 9 (21.4%) experienced a low quality of life. There was a relationship between sleep quality and quality of life in hemodialysis patients, with a p-value < 0.004 and a correlation of -.435**. Conclusion: This means that poor sleep quality in hemodialysis patients will have an impact on their moderate to low quality of life. Sleep quality plays an important role in improving the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis patients can improve their sleep quality by creating a sleep schedule, exercising regularly, getting exposure to sunlight, and sleeping when they feel sleepy so that they do not feel tired.
hemodialysis, nursing, quality of life, sleep quality
A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE IMPACT OF PSYCHOEDUCATION ON MEDICATION ADHERENCE, EMOTIONAL STABILITY, AND QUALITY OF LIFE INBIPOLAR DISORDER
Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent mood episodes that significantly impair psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Alongside pharmacological treatment, psychoeducation is recognized as an essential non-pharmacological intervention that enhances illness awareness, supports self-management, improves medication adherence, and facilitates early detection of relapse warning signs. Aim: This literature review aims to examine the effectiveness of psychoeducational therapy in the management of bipolar disorder, focusing on relapse prevention, medication adherence, emotional stability, and quality of life. Methods: A literature review was conducted using studies published between 2020 and 2024 and retrieved from Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The search utilized keywords such as “psychoeducational non-pharmacological therapy” and “bipolar disorder.” Included studies comprised randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, cohort studies, and systematic reviews. Results: The findings indicate that psychoeducation plays a significant role in improving both clinical and psychosocial outcomes in individuals with BD. Psychoeducational interventions consistently reduced relapse rates, improved medication adherence, enhanced emotional stability, and strengthened patients’ and families’ coping abilities. Family-based and culturally adapted approaches further increased treatment engagement and reduced caregiver burden. Conclusion: Psychoeducation is a vital adjunct to pharmacological treatment in bipolar disorder management, contributing to sustained symptom control and improved quality of life.
bipolar disorder, non-pharmacological therapy, psychoeducation
EFFECTIVENESS OF MIRROR THERAPY ON MUSCLE STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT AND ANXIETY REDUCTION IN STROKE PATIENTS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Background: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. Muscle weakness and anxiety can impede rehabilitation outcomes and diminish quality of life. Mirror therapy is a low-cost intervention increasingly used in stroke rehabilitation; however, evidence regarding its combined effects on motoric and psychological outcomes remains limited. Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pretest–posttest control group design with 52 subacute stroke patients randomly allocated to an intervention group (n=26) and a control group (n=26). The study was conducted at a hospital-based stroke rehabilitation center in Central Java, Indonesia, from March to June 2025. The intervention group received mirror therapy for 30 minutes per session, five times weekly for four weeks, alongside standard rehabilitation, whereas the control group received standard rehabilitation only. Muscle strength was assessed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale, and anxiety was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Paired and independent t-tests were used for within- and between-group analyses. Results: The intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in muscle strength and significant reductions in anxiety scores across both posttest measurements (p<0.001). In contrast, the control group showed no significant changes (p>0.05). Post-intervention comparisons indicated significantly higher muscle strength and lower anxiety levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (p≤0.001). Conclusion: Mirror therapy effectively enhances muscle strength and reduces anxiety in subacute stroke patients. Its simplicity, low cost, and non-invasive nature support its integration into stroke rehabilitation programs, particularly in resource-limited settings.
mirror therapy, muscle strength, anxiety, stroke, rehabilitation
EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS ON PREGNANT WOMEN’S AWARENESS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING
Background: Video health promotion media is essential for improving mothers’ knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding. A preliminary study conducted at Anugerah Pekalongan Hospital on December 26-27, 2024, revealed that midwives often fail to educate mothers due to high patient volumes and limited staff. Interviews with 15 pregnant women revealed that 80% had never received information about exclusive breastfeeding, and only 20% received information about exclusive breastfeeding from pregnancy classes, ANC sessions with midwives, and social media. This study aimed to assess the impact of video educational materials on mothers’ understanding of exclusive breastfeeding at Anugerah Pekalongan Hospital. Methods: A quantitative research employing a pre-experimental method and a design involving one group with pretests and posttests. The participants included primigravida pregnant women who attended and received ANC check-ups at Anugerah Pekalongan Hospital. A technique of random sampling was employed with 38 participants. Results: Video educational media successfully enhanced pregnant women's understanding of exclusive breastfeeding at Anugerah Pekalongan Hospital. Data processing with SPSS confirmed this, yielding a p-value of 0.000, which is less than 0.05. Conclusion: Expectant mothers should use educational videos on exclusive breastfeeding to enhance their understanding of it, allowing them to exclusively breastfeed their infants
exclusive breastfeeding, pregnant women, video
THE IMPACT ON INFANT WEIGHT OF USING THE BABY-LED WEANING METHOD TO INTRODUCE COMPLEMENTARY FOODS
Background: During early childhood, a period of rapid growth, malnutrition remained a major concern, with millions of infants worldwide affected by underweight, and stunting. Unresolved, this condition led to poor growth, weakened immunity, and delayed cognitive development. Baby-Led Weaning (BLW), a method where infants aged six months and older self-fed solid foods, offered a potential solution by encouraging food exploration, chewing skills, and appetite. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of BLW-based complementary feeding on infant weight gain. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. An accidental sampling technique was used to select 15 infants aged 9 to 24 months. The intervention period lasted for 14 consecutive days, during which the BLW method was implemented at the participants' homes under the guidance of the researcher. Data were collected through observations of infant weight measurements and analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: The study found that the average infant weight increased from 9.53 kg before the BLW intervention to 10.05 kg afterward. A paired t-test revealed a statistically significant difference, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that complementary feeding using the BLW method effectively increased infant weight. Therefore, the BLW approach is recommended for mothers introducing complementary foods, as it may support optimal growth and development in infants.
Baby-Led Weaning (BLW), complementary feeding, infant weight
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE INFLUENCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION WITH BOOKLET MEDIA AND DEMONSTRATION ON PREGNANT WOMEN'S KNOWLEDGE OF ANEMIA PREVENTION
Background: Pregnant women in Indonesia often experience anaemia. Health education about anaemia and its prevention is essential for increasing the awareness of pregnant women, which helps improve the health of both the mother and the fetus. This study aims to determine the influence of health education about anaemia using booklets and demonstrations on the knowledge of pregnant women in Serenan Village, Juwiring District Methods: Pre-experimental research was used in this study. This study used the one-group pretest-posttest method. Total sampling was used to select 22 pregnant women from Serenan Village, Juwiring District. This study used questionnaires and booklets. This research uses the Wilcoxon test. Results: Based on univariate analysis, 19 respondents or 86.4% of the sample, were aged between 20 and 35 years. A total of 16 respondents, or 72.7% were primiparas based on parity. The majority of respondents, 16 (72.7%), had completed high school. Regarding the understanding of pregnant women before receiving health education, 14 respondents (63.6%) had sufficient knowledge, eight respondents (36.4%) had inadequate information, and none had good knowledge. After their health education, 20 respondents (90.9%) reported having high knowledge, 2 (9.1%) reported having sufficient understanding, and none reported having poor knowledge. There was an effect of health education using booklets and demonstrations on pregnant women's knowledge about anaemia prevention, with a p-value of 0.000. Conclusion: The implication of this study is that the combination of booklets and demonstrations can be a good method for increasing pregnant women's knowledge.
anaemia, booklet, demonstration, knowledge, prevention
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS LEVEL, PICKY EATING BEHAVIOR, AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BODY MASS INDEX AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS
Background: Adolescence is a critical period where energy balance affects nutritional status. An imbalance between energy intake and expenditure during this stage can lead to nutritional disorders, including underweight and overweight conditions. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between stress levels, picky eating behaviour, and physical activity with Body Mass Index (BMI) among adolescent girls. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design involving 106 randomly selected high school female students. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires to assess stress levels (DASS-42), picky eating behaviour (modified CEBQ), and physical activity (PAQ-A), along with direct anthropometric measurements to calculate BMI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results: Most respondents were aged 18–21 years (67.9%), with high stress levels (73.5%), picky eating behaviour (83%), and physical inactivity (65.1%). Bivariate analysis found significant associations between stress levels (p = 0.012) and picky eating (p = 0.003) with BMI, where both increased the risk of BMI imbalance. Physical activity showed no significant relationship (p = 0.118). Multivariate analysis confirmed significant associations between stress (OR = 3.13, p = 0.012) and picky eating (OR = 5.42, p = 0.003) with BMI, with physical activity serving as a protective factor (OR = 0.29, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study concludes that stress levels, picky eating behaviour, and physical activity significantly influence the Body Mass Index (BMI) of adolescent girls. High stress levels and picky eating increase the risk of BMI imbalance, while adequate physical activity serves as a protective factor.
adolescents, body mass index, physical activity, picky eating, stress level
EFFECTIVENESS OF YOGA CHILD POSE ON ALLEVIATING MENSTRUAL PAININ FEMALE ADOLESCENTS
Background: Menstrual pain, or dysmenorrhea, arises from heightened prostaglandin production, leading to uterine cramps. This discomfort can interfere with daily activities. One recommended non-pharmacological approach to relieve this condition is practising the child's pose in yoga. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of this pose in reducing menstrual discomfort among students. Methods: The research was conducted at SMPN 2 Pamulihan during the period of July through August. This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The participants were 7th and 8th grade junior high school students experiencing primary dysmenorrhea who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pain assessment was conducted using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), a validated and widely accepted instrument for evaluating pain levels. The yoga intervention was implemented based on established Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to ensure consistency and adherence to protocol. Data were analysed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with the Wilcoxon test applied to assess the differences between pretest and posttest results. Results: Prior to the intervention, 25 participants (69.4%) experienced mild pain. Following the yoga sessions, 26 students (72.2%) reported mild pain. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference before and after the intervention (p = 0.000 < 0.05), indicating the potential of child's pose yoga as a non-pharmacological method for easing dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: The child's pose yoga technique shows promise in managing menstrual discomfort among adolescents, serving as a viable non-pharmacological alternative.
child pose, dysmenorrhea, female adolescents, yoga
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTHERS' KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES ABOUT FEEDING PATTERNS WITH THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Background: Nutrition problems in children remain a serious challenge to health development, including in preschool-aged children. One important factor that influences children's nutritional status is the role of mothers as primary caregivers. Mothers' knowledge and attitudes toward nutrition play a crucial role in decision-making to meet their children's nutritional needs. However, many preschool-aged children still experience malnutrition despite their mothers having sufficient knowledge. This prompted research to examine the relationship between mothers' knowledge and attitudes toward feeding patterns and the nutritional status of preschool-aged children. Methods: The method used in this study is a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design using non-probability sampling. The study population consisted of 260 mothers with preschool children, with a sample size of 158 participants. The sampling technique used was random sampling. This study used a questionnaire assessing mothers' knowledge and attitudes toward the nutrition of preschool-aged children, which had been adopted and modified. Results: The results of the chi-square test showed most respondents had poor knowledge (49.4%), and their attitudes were in the good category (53.8%). Most respondents had good nutritional status (60.1%). The relationship between knowledge about dietary patterns and nutritional status (p-value= 0.777), but attitudes and nutritional status (p-value= 0.003). Conclusion: There was no relationship between knowledge about dietary patterns and the nutritional status of preschool children. However, there was a relationship between attitudes toward dietary patterns and the nutritional status of preschool children. These results emphasise that cognitive aspects need to be expanded with an affective approach.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-EFFICACY AND STRESS IN ELDERLY HYPERTENSION PATIENTS
Background: Elderly individuals with hypertension often face high stress levels, which can worsen their physical and psychological health. Self-efficacy, the belief in one's ability to manage challenges, plays a crucial role in coping with chronic illness. Research suggests that higher self-efficacy is linked to better stress management and improved health outcomes. In hypertensive elderly, strong self-efficacy may help reduce stress by promoting confidence in handling daily tasks and medical routines. Understanding this relationship is essential for developing effective interventions to support elderly patients and enhance their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and stress levels in elderly people with hypertension. Methods: This research design is correlational analytic using a cross-sectional approach; the instruments in this study were the Self-efficacy to Manage Hypertension-Five Item Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The sample in this study consists of 65 respondents, all of whom are elderly individuals diagnosed with hypertension Results: 12 (18,5%) elderly experienced low self-efficacy, and 5 (7,7%) elderly had severe stress. There is a negative relationship between self-efficacy and stress in the elderly, with a p value <0.000 (<0.05), with a correlation of -.580**. Conclusion: This means that the higher the self-efficacy possessed by the elderly, the lower the stress that arises. Self-efficacy plays an important role in reducing stress in the elderly, especially those who suffer from hypertension. The elderly are recommended to increase their self-efficacy through several complementary therapies.
elderly, hypertension, self-efficacy, stress
DESCRIPTION OF NURSE STIGMA TOWARDS PEOPLE WITH HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)
Background: Stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is a serious problem due to negative perceptions. The stigma experienced causes psychological, emotional, spiritual, and social isolation, and access to health services. Nurses perpetrate one form of stigma in the healthcare environment due to a lack of knowledge, fear of HIV transmission, and misconceptions about its transmission. This study aims to investigate the perception of stigma among nurses toward people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at Tidar Hospital in Magelang City. Methods: This is a qualitative study using a case study approach. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, and the results were determined using the HIV-KQ-18 knowledge pre-test. The sample consisted of 12 informants, including nurses, PLWHA patients, ward supervisors, infection control committee members, and nursing managers. Data collection was conducted through interviews and observations from June to August 2024, and data analysis was performed using Open Code software version 4.03. Results: Stigma among nurses arises from fear and concern during patient care due to an insufficient understanding of HIV transmission and prevention. Despite exhibiting stigmatising behaviour, nurses continue to fulfil their roles and duties as caregivers. Conclusion: Stigma among nurses toward HIV/AIDS patients arises from insufficient knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention. HIV/AIDS training programs should be implemented to enhance HIV knowledge and foster positive attitudes toward HIV/AIDS patients.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE, GENDER, AND LENGTH OF EMPLOYMENT WITHWORK-RELATED STRESS AMONG NURSES
Background: Work-related stress is a common issue among nurses and can affect their performance, quality of care, and psychological well-being. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between age, gender, and length of service with work-related stress levels among nurses at a hospital in Banjarbaru City. Methods: A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 120 nurses at a hospital in Banjarbaru City selected through proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), which has been validated in previous studies with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. Data were analysed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed no significant relationship between age (p=0.298), gender (p=0.397), and length of service (p=0.581) and the level of work-related stress. However, descriptive results indicated a higher proportion of stress among nurses who were female, younger, and had longer work experience. Conclusion: It is recommended that hospital management focus more on workload, work environment, and psychosocial support rather than individual demographic factors in managing work stress.
age, gender, length of service, nurses, work stress
THE SIX-MINUTE WALKING TEST FOR MEASURING VITAL LUNG CAPACITY AND VO2 MAX IN TEENAGERS IN THE NURSING ANESTHESIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Background: Technological advances are making activities easier. The convenience gained hurts daily life, such as laziness in exercise and reluctance to gather and communicate actively, especially among teenagers. Physical fitness is essential in improving cardiovascular health, including heart and blood vessel endurance and vital lung capacity. Maximum oxygen volume (VO2 max) can be used to assess a person's cardiorespiratory endurance. This study aimed to use a 6-minute walk test to measure VO2 max and the lungs' vital capacity. Methods: The method used a pre-experiment with total sampling, namely 118 student respondents. These tools include emergency equipment, a stopwatch to calculate running time, colourful markers to indicate the path, and traffic cones for additional markers, using the Borg Breathing Difficulty Scale to check how difficult it is for respondents to breathe. Analysis used the Wilcoxon test because the normality assumption is not met. Results: The results showed that the relationship between the distance of the 6-minute walk test and vital lung capacity was indicated by a p-value of 0.000 (P<0.05), and the relationship between the distance of the 6-minute walk test and VO2 max was marked by a p-value of 0.000 (P<0.05). Physical fitness is essential in improving cardiovascular health, including heart and blood vessel endurance and lung vital capacity. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is a relationship between the 6-minute walk test and vital lung capacity and VO2 max.
the six-minute walking test, vital capacity, VO2 max
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LUNG FUNCTION, DISEASE SEVERITY, AND MOTIVATION TO QUIT SMOKING AMONG CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) PATIENTS
Background: Smoking cessation is an important management for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but many patients continue to smoke due to low motivation. Therefore, further studies exploring the motivation to quit smoking are needed. This study examines the relationship between lung function, disease severity, and motivation to quit in COPD patients. Methods: A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted at a pulmonary hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in February 2024. One hundred adults with COPD who were current smokers were chosen through random sampling. We used the Richmond Test to measure motivation to quit smoking, the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) questionnaire to assess the severity of COPD, and Peak flow meters to assess lung function by measuring peak expiratory flow (PEF). Descriptive statistics were provided to summarise the characteristics of the participants, and Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyse the relationships between the variables. Results: The average age of the participants was 65 years, the length of time they had been smoking was 23 years, and the number of cigarettes smoked each day was 23. Most respondents showed moderate motivation to quit smoking (70%) and had a diagnosis of severe (60%) COPD. There is a significant correlation between peak expiratory flow and the motivation to quit smoking (p = 0.03) and between the severity of the disease and the motivation to quit smoking (p = 0.04). Conclusion: These findings emphasise the importance of communicating PEF assessment results and disease severity to enhance COPD patients' motivation to quit smoking.
COPD, factor, motivation, smoking cessation
THE EFFECT OF ANIMATED VIDEOS AS A MEDIUM FOR REDUCING PRE-OPERATIVE ANXIENTY WITH GENERAL ANESTHESIA
Background: Preoperative anxiety is a common emotional response in patients undergoing surgical procedures, including laparotomy with general anaesthesia. Effective preoperative education can be one strategy to reduce anxiety. Animated videos about the anaesthesia procedure can improve patients' understanding and reduce their anxiety about medical procedures. This study aimed to determine the effect of animated videos as an educational medium in reducing preoperative anxiety in laparotomy with general anaesthesia. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach with a control group. The sample consisted of 30 patients scheduled for laparotomy at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital, divided into 2 groups. Anxiety was measured using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U Test. Results: This study shows that in the intervention group, the majority of respondents before watching the animated video had moderate anxiety levels, with 8 respondents (53.3%). After being given the animated video, the majority of respondents showed mild anxiety levels, with 6 respondents (40.0%). In the control group, the majority of respondents had moderate anxiety levels, with 8 respondents (53.3%). After being given nursing care from the hospital without being given the animated video, the majority of respondents showed mild anxiety levels, with 9 respondents (60.0%). Data analysis showed a significant decrease in anxiety scores in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of animated educational media is recommended as part of standard preoperative preparation in hospitals.
animated video, anxiety, general anaesthesia, laparotomy
EFFECTIVENESS OF PEER-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION WITH AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA IN ENHANCING EMERGENCY TRIAGE COMPETENCE
Background: Emergency conditions necessitate prompt and appropriate management to mitigate the risks of disability and mortality. A fundamental component of emergency care is triage, which serves to prioritise patient treatment based on the severity of their condition and guide the necessary clinical interventions. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of peer-led health education supported by audio-visual media in improving students' comprehension of emergency triage procedures. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was implemented. The research population comprised second-semester nursing students from STIKES Hutama Abdi Husada Tulungagung. A purposive sampling method was used to select 41 participants. The educational intervention was delivered through peer-led sessions and supplemented with audio-visual media. Data were gathered using a validated structured questionnaire and analysed employing the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test yielded a statistically significant result (p = 0.000) in both intervention groups, demonstrating that the health education provided had a meaningful impact on students' understanding of emergency triage. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney U test indicated a mean rank of 35.43 for participants in the peer education group and 47.57 for those in the audio-visual group, with a significance level of p = 0.019. Conclusion: The findings confirm that both peer-led and audio-visual-based health education methods are effective in increasing nursing students' knowledge of emergency triage. Nevertheless, the audio-visual approach demonstrated superior outcomes and is, therefore, recommended as the preferred strategy for enhancing triage competency in educational settings.
audiovisual, emergency triage, health education, peer education
OPTIMIZING BALANCE AND COORDINATION THROUGH INTEGRATED PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING FRACTURE SURGERY
Background: The high incidence of traffic accidents has led to a significant increase in fractures, particularly of the lower extremities, many of which require treatment through Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedures. Post-ORIF patients commonly experience pain and fear in performing daily activities, including impaired balance and coordination. To address this condition, a structured and progressive integrated physical exercise intervention is necessary. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an integrated intervention that combines physical activity, pain management, and enhancement of fall efficacy on the functional status of patients recovering from lower extremity fracture surgery using the Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedure. Methods: The study was conducted using a pre-experimental design with a single-group pretest-posttest approach to 53 post-ORIF patients with lower extremity fractures treated in the inpatient ward of Sragen Regional General Hospital, Surakarta. Instruments used included the Barthel Index to assess functional status, the Fall Efficacy Scale, and a clinical observation sheet to evaluate physical ability. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: Data showed an improvement in balance function, coordination, and overall functional status in post-ORIF patients with lower extremity fractures after receiving the integrated activity training intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.001, indicating a statistically significant effect. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that an integrated physical exercise program combined with pain management and fall efficacy enhancement has a significant impact on improving balance, coordination, and functional status in patients recovering from fractures.
fall efficacy, fracture, functional status, pain management
THE DIFFERENCE IN EFFECTIVENESS BETWEEN DEMONSTRATION AND STORYTELLING METHODS OF HANDWASHING KNOWLEDGE OF FIRST- GRADERS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Background: School-age children are vulnerable to infectious diseases that can potentially lead to death. Proper handwashing is one of the effective measures for prevention. Preventive actions become more effective when health education is delivered using demonstration and storytelling methods. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of health education using demonstration and storytelling methods on the level of handwashing knowledge among first-grade elementary school students in Krogowanan Village, Sawangan, Magelang. Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental study using a pre-test and post-test design without a control group. A total sampling technique was employed, involving 42 respondents who were divided into two groups based on the method used: demonstration and storytelling. A questionnaire was used as the research instrument. Data were analysed using the Paired T-Test and the Independent T-Test. Results: The results of the Independent T-Test revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000 < 0.05) in handwashing knowledge between the groups that received demonstration and storytelling interventions. The mean increase was higher in the storytelling group (2.1429) than in the demonstration group (1.8571). Conclusions: It indicates that the storytelling method was more effective in improving handwashing skills in first-grade elementary school children.
demonstration, handwashing, knowledge, storytelling
ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BULLYING BEHAVIOR AMONG ADOLESCENTS AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 5 SURAKARTA
Background: According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), a total of 1,427 cases of violence against children under the age of 18 occurred. One of the most common forms of violence in the school environment is bullying, particularly in the form of verbal teasing, with a prevalence of up to 75% among students. However, only 45% of victims are willing to report such incidents. Bullying behaviour is influenced by factors such as knowledge and attitude. The research objective is to identify the correlation between knowledge and attitudes toward bullying behaviour among SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta students. Methods: A correlational quantitative approach was used in this research. The population consisted of all 128 tenth-grade students, and 97 respondents were selected using simple random sampling based on the Slovin formula. The independent variables were knowledge and attitude, while the dependent variable was bullying behaviour. Data were collected using questionnaires and analysed using the Chi-square statistical test. Results: The analysis showed no significant correlation between the level of knowledge and bullying behaviour (p-value = 0.983), and no significant correlation between attitude and bullying behaviour (p-value = 0.363). Conclusion: Furthermore, most students reported never engaging in bullying, totalling 93 respondents (95.9%). There was no significant relationship between knowledge and bullying behaviour, with a p-value of 0.569 > 0.05. Similarly, there was no significant relationship between attitudes and bullying behaviour, with a p-value of 0.827 > 0.05.
adolescents, bullying attitude, bullying behaviour, bullying knowledge.
THE INFLUENCE OF ATTITUDE, SUBJECTIVE NORM, AND PERCEIVED BEHAVIORAL CONTROL ON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH HELP-SEEKING INTENTIONS
Background: This study aimed to analyze the influence of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on adolescents' mental health help-seeking intentions among high school students in North Sangatta. Methods: This study uses an observational, cross-sectional design. A sample of 551 respondents was collected via a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to homeroom teachers and analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results: 43.9% of students with neutral attitude scores had high intentions to seek mental health help; 57.2% of students with high subjective norm scores had high intentions; and 43.9% of students with neutral perceived behavioral control (PBC) scores had high intentions. Parents were the source of health support for the majority of students, and the least accessed sources were online consultation services and through a boyfriend/girlfriend. The results of multiple linear regression tests showed that attitude (p-value: 0.015), subjective norm (p-value: 0.005), and PBC (p-value: 0.001) influenced the outcome, with a correlation coefficient of 7.4%. This means that the variables of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control can explain 7.4% of the variation in mental health help-seeking. Conclusion: The findings reveal that PBC is the most influential variable in mental health help-seeking intention. Increasing mental health literacy for parents and teachers, community support, stigma reduction, and parent participation are necessary to enhance the values of attitude, subjective norm, and PBC among high school students in North Sangatta.
adolescent, mental health, help-seeking intention
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MODULE ON KNOWLEDGE AND MOTIVATION REGARDING PAP SMEAR EXAMINATION AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE
Background: Screening is central to global cervical cancer control; however, no district/city in East Java has yet reached the screening target. Participation in Pap smear screening is influenced by multiple determinants, particularly behavioral factors linked to women’s knowledge and motivation; therefore, health education is expected to promote positive behavior change. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental, one-group pretest–posttest design in Lumajang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, conducted from August 2024 to January 2025. Purposive sampling recruited 63 women from a local community group. The intervention consisted of a structured educational module provided to all respondents. Knowledge and motivation were measured before and after the module using validated questionnaires. Results: The statistical analysis applied to this research was the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for non-normally distributed variables, with α = 0.05. Mean knowledge increased from 8.60 (min 5; max 10) at pretest to 9.57 (min 9; max 10) at posttest. Motivation to undergo Pap smear screening also improved, with mean scores increasing from 23.15 at pretest to 43.95 after the intervention. Shapiro–Wilk tests indicated non-normality for both knowledge and motivation (p < 0.05); thus, Wilcoxon tests were used. Significant differences were observed for knowledge (p < 0.001) and motivation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that module-based health education effectively strengthens women’s knowledge and motivation to participate in Pap smear screening in settings where overall screening coverage remains below the target.
woman, knowledge, module, motivation, pap smear
THE POTENTIAL OF COMBINED ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF SAGA AND SEMBUKAN LEAVES IN REDUCING CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MICE
Background: To date, no research has explored the synergistic potential between saga leaves (Adenanthera pavonina L.) and sembukan leaves (Paederia foetida L.) in increasing the effectiveness of lowering cholesterol levels. This study aims to evaluate the potential of the combination of saga leaf ethanol extract and sembukan leaf in lowering cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia mice. Methods: The study used 36 mice divided into six treatment groups, including a negative control group, a positive control, a drug control, and a treatment group with different doses of a combination of ethanol extract of Saga leaves and Sembukan leaves. The spectrophotometer measured lipid levels on days 0, 21, and 24. Data analysis was done using the one-way ANOVA test to determine group differences. Results: The analysis showed that the combination of ethanol extract of saga leaves and sembukan leaves significantly reduced the cholesterol levels of hypercholesterolemia mice (p=0.000). The best dose for cholesterol reduction is 56 mg/20 g body weight (BW) with a 66% reduction. Conclusion: Combining ethanol extract of saga leaves and sembukan leaves at a dose of 56 mg/20 g body weight (BW) effectively reduced cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia mice. This research may contribute to developing alternative natural therapies to lower cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular disease.
ethanol extract combination, hypercholesterolemia, mice (Mus musculus), saga leaves, sembukan leaves