PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MENIGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN TUGAS PERAWATAN HIPERTENSI FAMILY CAREGIVER

Abstract

Hipertensi  pada  lansia  merupakan  peningkatan  tekanan  darah  sistolik  diatas  140mmHg  dan tekanan diastolik 90mmHg atau lebih dan menduduki peringkat pertama masalah kesehatan. Perawatan hipertensi memerlukan peran aktif keluarga sebagi suatu sistem pendukung. Pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang teknik terapi relaksasi nafas dalam berguna untuk menurunkan stres sebagai dampak yang muncul dari hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap kemampuan tugas perawatan hipertensi family caregiver di Kelurahan Langenharjo Kabupaten Kendal. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan desain pre and post-test with control group. Populasi penelitian adalah family caregiver di Kabupaten Kendal. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling sejumlah 68 yang terbagi dalam kelompok intervensi (n=34) dan kelompok kontrol (n=34). Intervensi berupa pendidikan kesehatan tentang teknik terapi relaksasi nafas dalam diberikan pada kelompok intervensi. Data diambil melalui kuesioner dan dianalisa melalui uji sampel (paired t-test dan independentt-test). Hasil penelitian menunjukan setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan, kemampuan tugas perawatan family caregiver pada kelompok intervensi adalah 60,97 (SD 2,30), dan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 34% dari sebelum intervensi. Sementara pada kelompok kontrol, kemampuan tugas perawatan menunjukan nilai 46,14 (SD 2,94). Hasil analisis mendapatkan nilai p-value = 0,002 α=0,05, yang mengindikasikan adanya pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap kemampuan tugas perawatan hipertensi family caregiver. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, direkomendasikan bagi tenaga kesehatan untuk melibatkan keluarga dalam mengatasi masalah kesehatan pasien melalui pendidikan kesehatan.

Hypertension in the elderly describes an increase in the systolic blood pressure of above 140 mmHg and the diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or more and becomes the first ranked health problem. The treatment of hypertension requires an active participation of the family as a support system. The provision of health education about deep breathing relaxation therapy is useful for reducing stress as an impact arising from hypertension. This study aimed to determine the effects of health education on the ability to perform hypertension treatment among the family caregivers in Langenharjo urban-village in Kendal regency. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with pre and post-test with a control group The population was the family caregivers in Kendal. The samples were taken by using purposive sampling and involved 68 caregivers who were assigned to the intervention group (n = 34) and the control group (n = 34). An intervention of health education about deep breathing relaxation therapy was given to the intervention group. The data were collected through the questionnaires and analyzed by the paired t-test and the independent t-test. The results showed that after given the intervention, the ability to perform hypertension treatment among the family caregivers in the intervention group was 60.97 (SD 2.30), indicating an increase of 34% as before the intervention. Meanwhile, in the control group, the ability of the family caregivers demonstrated a value of 46.14 (SD 2.94). The result of the analysis obtained a p-value of 0.002, and α of 0.05, indicating the effects of health education on the ability of performing hypertension treatment among the family caregivers. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the healthcare providers involve the family to address the patient’ health problems through the health education programs.